Hypothesis: I believe the moon formed together (but independently of) the earth, I consider this to be true because there are several compositional similarities between the Earth and Moon, particularly the identical fraction of the major isotopes of oxygen.
During the different seasons, we receive variations of heat from the sun. The earth’s axis is tilted by about 23 degrees and continues to point in the same direction throughout the year. In June, the northern hemisphere “leans into” the sun and is more directly illuminated. In December, the situation is reversed. The southern hemisphere leans into the sun and the northern hemisphere leans away.
The motion of the earth and sun are important to Christians because it changed their calendar. Gregorian dropped out ten days to bring the vernal equinox back to march 21st. He also changed the rule for leap year, making the average length of the year more closely approximate the tropical year. He made the average length of year 365.2425 mean solar days. This allows Christian celebrations to occur the same day every year.
